MRIs for Dogs with Cancer: Learn How Magnetic Resonance Helps Canines

An early detection of cancer may often translate into a more likely successful treatment plan. Magnetic resonance imaging, commonly abbreviated as MRI, is a non-invasive tool that many veterinarians resort to when seeing dogs with suspected cancers. An MRI uses magnetic energy and radio waves in order to provide detailed cross-sectional or three dimensional pictures of organs and structures. MRI imaging in particular has proven helpful in detecting cancer of the brain or spine in canines.

Advantages of MRI’s in Dogs with Cancer

There are many advantages of using magnetic resonance in dogs suspected of having cancer. As already mentioned, one of the biggest advantages is early detection of cancer if the owners have been prompt enough in seeking veterinary attention. Following are some other advantages of MRIs.

• Provides Better Details

The main benefits of MRI images is that these state of the art pictures are much more detailed than X-rays and offer better contrast between different types of soft tissues, therefore helping identify tumors besides soft tissue cancer in dogs without resorting to invasive exploratory surgeries.

• Helps Tracking Growth

MRIs are also not limited to solely diagnosing tumors in dogs. Rather, hey are also used to track the growth or reduction is size of tumors so to determine if treatment is being successful or not. This is a very helpful tool for dogs already diagnosed with cancer.

Disadvantages of MRIs in Dogs with Cancer

While MRIs offer many advantages to veterinary medicine there are some disadvantages worth mentioning. Following are some disadvantages and limitations when it comes to using MRIs for dogs with cancer.

• Need for Referral

While these state of the art diagnostic tools are growing in popularity nowadays as veterinary medicine advances offering better diagnostic equipment, MRIs still most likely require a referral to a large animal hospital or veterinary university. This often means traveling long distances to reach the closest facility equipped with an MRI machine for dogs and sometimes, with wait times of up to a week.

• Detection Limitations

While MRIs are valuable tools to detect cancer, they many not be able to detect small deposits of calcium in tissues, according to Pamela A. Davol, a research scientist in the fields of biochemical oncology These deposits often are significant signs of cancer processes taking place, therefore important potential cancer markers are missed.

• Need for Anesthesia

An MRI is done under general anesthesia and takes between 30 to 60 minutes to perform. The use of general anesthesia is necessary because the dog must stay very still and nobody can be in the room to immobilize him.

• High Costs

Last but not least, pet owners must consider costs. These costs may be quite high often easily reaching $1000 to $1,500 dollars. Some pet insurance companies may cover part of the costs depending on the type of plan.

Once the dog has had its MRI test, he or she will be put into the recovery room for a couple of hours. Afterward, a board certified veterinary radiologist will rule out or confirm cancer, and will prepare a report for the veterinarian to look over so to determine the best course of action.

April 1, 2019December 19, 2019

Boxer Dog Breed: The History, Caring of, and Personality of the Boxer

The boxer is a medium-size dog that stands 21 – 25 inches and weighs 50 – 80 pounds. Strong and athletic, the boxer is a very playful breed of dog with good watchdog capabilities. For the most part, a boxer does better as the only dog as it can tend to be aggressive towards other canines. They have a life span of 8 – 10 years.

The History of the Boxer Dog

Boxers were developed in Munich, Germany in the 1800s. Their background can be traced to the Bulldog and Bullenbeisser, (a breed of dog that no longer exists.) Initially used for bullbaiting, (a favored sport in Europe at the time,) the boxer evolved to become popular as a police and guard dog.

The boxer arrived in the United States in the early 1900s, even though it didn’t gain any popularity until the 1940s. It quickly became a renowned show dog and is currently one of the most popular dogs in the United States, ranked in the top ten. It is a member of the working dog group.

How to Take Care of a Boxer Dog

Boxers love to spend time outdoors exercising and playing, although they don’t do well in hot weather. Because they have a short, smooth coat, grooming is minimal with only an occasional brushing being needed to remove any dead fur. Some possible health concerns include rheumatism, cancer, and SAS, (subaortic stenosis, which is a heart condition.) Boxers are known to snore and pass gas.

Personality of a Boxer

The boxer is a social dog within its own family, but, can be very apprehensive when it comes to strangers. It does well with children, although its energetic nature may be a little overwhelming for younger children. The boxer is inquisitive, devoted and affectionate, while having a bit of a stubborn streak.

Quite intelligent, the boxer is a fairly easy breed of dog to train. It can be pushy by nature, so training and socialization should begin at a young age. This agile and good natured dog continues to rise in popularity.

When choosing a boxer, look for a reputable breeder or a boxer rescue group. Sometimes pure bred boxers can even be found at a local animal shelter. A boxer can make a great companion and bring many years of love to a family.

March 31, 2019January 26, 2023

Beagle: A Lively Dog Companion

Two height categories exist for the beagle in most modern breeding standards, up to 13 inches and 13 to 15 inches. As with many animals and some types of dog in particular, utilising their natural characteristics is rewarding and eases the training challenge. Exercise is vital to both the health and training of a beagle.

Beagle Temperament

The beagle is naturally friendly and co-operative. As well as being lively, it also has considerable stamina. Its hunting origins give some individuals, especially in male beagles, a strongly independent streak, which may need attention during training. The hunting characteristic means some beagles can be aggressive with small pets, seeing them as quarry to be hunted, but in most cases this subsides and if socialized within a family from an early stage, is not a problem.

Training Beagles

Beagles like to play and specific training, other than normal day-to-day interaction, is often best carried out in short sessions, preceded by some exercise. Most beagles welcome routine, so using a regular time-slot for such a session can also prove helpful. By starting young with a pet beagle and using treats sparingly plus a favourite toy or ball to hold their attention rather then expecting this breed to fetch it back, basic training requirements will be successful more quickly.

Achieving an orderly form of walking can be a challenge with a young beagle. This is best addressed by giving leash training some serious attention from as early a stage as possible. If basic training is achieved early, beagles’ natural exuberance lends itself to more advanced forms and some beagles make excellent agility competitors.

Beagle Care

Though generally hardy, beagles can occasionally be more prone than some dogs to particular maladies. The dog’s eyes need keeping clean and under observation for signs of any infection in the lower eyelids. The combination of the beagle’s short coat plus its liking for following scents near bushes, etc., can lead to skin abrasions, which if not attended to, can develop into infections.

As with similar dog breeds with dropped ears, ear problems can develop due to air and light being kept out of the ear, and the warmth is ideal for ear mites. Regular checks after any outdoor activity are advisable and any sign of the dog persistently scratching the area around the ears should be acted upon. Poking around in the beagle’s ear is not advisable. Unless the cause is easily visible so that it can be easily treated, if the problem persists then a trip to the vet is required.

Grooming a pet beagle is much easier than some breeds, given its short coat which does shed but not excessively. It should be brushed regularly with a medium strength of brush. Combs should also be fine but care is required regarding the skin under the short fur. Exercise is the most important aspect of caring for a beagle, with a daily brisk walk being virtually the minimum requirement. If allowed off the leash, their natural liking for following scents means that beagles can be prone to wander so care and training is required. Healthy beagles naturally burn fat quickly when exercising but if under-exercised beagles can tend to obesity, so that a combination of commercial dog food and the appropriate level of exercise provides adequate safeguards.

March 30, 2019December 19, 2019

Canaan Dog Breed: From Pariah Wild Dog to Israeli Army to America

Canaan dogs are not a well known breed in America. Originating in the Middle East the dogs once used by Bedouins to guard their camps can make great companions.

History

Drs. Rudolph and Rudolphina Menzel first bred Canaan dogs from the Pariah dogs that roamed the wild areas of Palestine. The Israeli army asked the Menzels to breed a dog that could serve many functions.

The same traits that served the Pariah breed in the wild made the Canaan dogs valuable as guards, mine detectors, and as message carriers for the Israeli army.

In Israel they are known as Kelev K’naani.

In September 1965 four Canaan dogs arrived in America. Not a commonly heard of breed they have still captivated many with their appearance and personalities.

Description

• Medium size, height 19-24 inches, weight 35-55 pounds
• Sturdy build with long legs
• Bushy tail that curls tightly when the dog is excited or alert
• Head is wedge shaped with broad based ears that have a rounded tip
• Eyes are slightly almond shaped and can be dark brown to golden
• Life span is 12 – 15 years

The Canaan dog’s coat color can range from solid white, black or brown with some patterned with blocks of black or brown on white according to the Dog Breed Info Center, the Canaan Dog Club of America, and the AKC. These colors are the ones recognized by these organizations but not the only colors these animals come in.

What it is hard to find on-line is photos of the Canaan dog colors not accepted by dog breeding and show organizations. Gray coats or brindled are rejected for some reason. These variations are still beautiful dogs with winning personalities.

Personality and Traits

• Intelligent and purposeful
• Natural guards and herders
• Gentle, devoted and docile to their people or family
• Love to play and walk especially in the early morning or late afternoon
• Love to sleep the day away
• Very alert to sounds and sights
• Protective of territory and pack (even human pack)

The Canaan dog’s natural tendencies make it vital to socialize them from puppies and continue it throughout their lives. Strangers are viewed with suspicion until they become friends. Dogs of the same sex may be seen as potential rivals. The humans around them must be seen as dominant for Canaan dogs to be properly socialized.

• Very clean and without a doggy smell
• Healthy, Canaans have low incidents of hip dysplasia
• Easily housebroken and kennel trained (cover the kennel with a blanket to make it more “den like”

Living with a Canaan dog can be as entertaining as trying; it is up to the humans in their pack. The human must make the rules and enforce with calm assertiveness and the Canaan will respond positively.

Watching a Canaan run with grace and speed shows how good they can be at agility contests if trained. Seeing the mischievous light in their eyes when they discover a new toy is a joy.

March 30, 2019January 24, 2023

The Advantages of Mixed Breeds in Avoiding Genetic Diseases

The many dog breeds we see today have been developed through selective breeding programs. In order to develop dogs suitable for specific purposes, breeders found it necessary to breed for certain characteristics and these sometimes included deformities, defects, and mutations.

Genetic Disease in Purebred Dogs

Examples of these include the Dachshund and the Basset Hound with their long spinal columns and short legs, the Bulldogs, Boxers, and Pugs with their pushed in faces, and the German Shepherd with its low-slung hips.

Spinal Problems of the Dachshund

The German word, “dachshund” means badger dog. These chondrodystrophic weenie dogs were originally bred for their ability to easily crawl into badger holes. But today, according to veterinarian Patricia Luttgen of Denver, Colorado, about one in four Dachshunds develops some form of painful and/or paralyzing disc disease in its lifetime, due to its inherited skeletal disorder.

Brachycephalic Breeds

Bulldogs were originally bred for the purpose of latching on to the nose of a wayward bull. The wide pushed-in face that was an advantage for this job has resulted in many problems for brachycephalic breeds. The short muzzle does not afford enough room for all the tissues which pushes the soft palette into the back of the throat, resulting in snoring and snorting sounds. This can develop into serious breathing difficulties, higher risk of heat stroke due to inability to pant sufficiently and dissipate heat, greater anesthesia risk, and other problems.

The head of the Bulldog breed has also increased in size over time and most Bulldogs must now be delivered by Cesarean section.

That cute bug-eyed look of the brachycephalic Pug is due to shallow eye sockets and the slightest pressure can cause an eyeball to pop out, requiring surgical replacement. Many brachycephalic breeds such as the Pekingese eventually lose one or both eyes.

German Shepherds Hip Dysplasia, Golden Retrievers Cancer

German Shepherds and Labrador Retrievers are often plagued with hip dysplasia and other painful skeletal diseases that can be traced to genetics. According to landofpuregold.com, a recent study indicates that 63% of Golden Retrievers die of cancer.

Syringomyelia in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

Veterinary Neurologist, Dr. Claire Rusbridge, claims that as many as half of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels suffer from heart murmurs and Syringomyelia, a painful condition which occurs as a result of the skull being too small to accommodate the brain.

Hairless Breeds and Dental Problems

According to swissinfo.com, hairless dogs can trace their ancestry back to just one hairless dog more than 3000 years ago. In hairless breeds such as the Chinese Crested, the gene responsible for its hairlessness is also responsible for its defective teeth.

Pedigree Dogs Inherit Diseases

Today, purebred dogs are bred with others of the same breed to meet certain breed standards set by kennel clubs and breed clubs. This practice, long term, can shrink the gene pool and sometimes dogs of the same lineage are inbred to magnify certain traits, thus perpetuating genetic disease in many breeds.

the results of an RSPCA scientific report concluded that society has come to accept these “anatomically deformed dogs” but that “exaggerated physical features and inherited diseases cause serious welfare problems in pedigree dogs.”

Advantages of Purebred Dogs

Controversy has arisen over dogs being bred for extreme deformities resulting in pain and suffering but purebred dog advocates argue that the pedigreed dog is predictable and the dog owner who buys a purebred knows what he is getting concerning size, type of coat, temperament, etc. Although variances do occur among purebreds, these pedigreed dogs provide the option of choosing a dog to suit the owner’s lifestyle and interests. Purebred dogs, as well as mixed breeds, can also make wonderful pets.

Mixed Breed Hybrid Vigor

According to The Doctor’s Scoop page at lovingtonveterinaryclinic.com of Lovington, New Mexico, “Almost every purebred has a higher risk for a certain illness, deformity, immune condition, or cancer. A purebred is born by repetitively breeding for certain desired deformities such as a pug nose, short legs, a deep chest, etc.”

The Doctor’s Scoop goes on to say that the mutt’s genetic mix is “new and less likely to pass on breed-related illness” and “that mixed breed is probably going to have a much healthier existence and fewer veterinary costs over its lifespan.”

March 29, 2019November 24, 2019

Rescued Dogs: Dog Training

Rescue centers and owners who are prepared to give rescued dogs a second chance do a wonderful job. However, rescued dogs can provide a challenge to any prospective trainer.

Planning and Preparation

In the unlikely event that the rescue center has any knowledge of the dog’s history, this should be obtained if available. The center may also be able to provide clues to the new owner about behavioral traits they have noticed.

It is very important to note any health considerations and to examine the dog thoroughly for any signs of poor health, malnutrition being common in these cases.

Depending on the findings at this stage, balancing and if necessary supplementing the diet with vitamins or simply regular feeding will be required for the “new” dog.

First Steps for Training Rescued Dogs

Preliminary parts of the process will be based on building trust between dog and owner. Physical contact might need to be approached slowly. For example, it may be necessary to only reward the dog with a treat by putting it on the floor and letting the dog approach it when the owner has retreated.

These first steps must also retain the long-term goal of training and socializing the dog normally later, so the owner must establish the role of leader or alpha, in the dog’s new pack. Although this might not be possible quickly, it must be an aim from day one in order to prevent problems at later stages.

Some of the simple forms of alpha techniques most relevant to introducing rescued dogs might include feeding the dog its meal following a break after the owner has eaten, discouraging the dog leading when out walking or preventing it approaching visitors first. There are many others that are more significant to dogs than many humans imagine.

Establishing the trainer in the alpha role may be difficult with some rescued dogs, in which case patience, time and experience will be needed.

Heading Towards Normal Dog Training

When physical contact has been attained, either immediately in some circumstances but often after the above stages, a further test to assess the temperament of the dog should be carried out.

The dog should be encouraged to sit down, then to lie down. The dog should then be rolled over and a hand placed on its chest. The reaction from the dog may signify too much resistance, which usually indicates aggressive traits. Most dogs will react a little and allowances should be made; experience with previous pet dogs is a good guide. At the other end of the scale, the dog may be completely submissive or even fearful.

Having reached this stage, the owner is able to start normal training but from an informed standpoint. Training techniques should then be adapted based on these early findings.

March 28, 2019November 24, 2019

Shepherd Breeds: The Origin and History of the Herding and Guarding Dogs

Around the time of the California Gold Rush and the American Civil War, the need for clothing made of wool to keep warm on the homefront led to the introduction of a breed of dogs called the Shepherd. This dog was to become not only a guardian for man but also a guardian for a very much prized possession, the sheep.

The Australian Shepherd

The origin of the Australian Shepherd originated either in Australia and could have also developed in Spain. The Spanish sheepdog was used in New Mexico and were often larger with a yellowish-white color. The breed served mankind by guarding livestock and was characterized as having plenty of energy; after all, it had to run after the sheep and other animals

Among the early breeds of shepherd dogs was the blue merle, a marbled gray and black dog. There were also black and white dogs with no spots or blending of colors. These dogs were called either the English or Australian Shepherd.

According to Linda Rorem in her article A View of Australian Shepherd History,1987, there existed another breed of Shepherd from Spain and France, or the Basque region, which was employed to guard sheep and assist in the fields.

An interesting fact is that the tails of these dogs took on different appearances. It was the English Spepherd that had the natural bob tail, but the Australian Shepherds had longer tails.

The herding Basque dog which came from Spain and France could have both a shaggy face or a smooth face.

The Welsh Heeler

A breed of dog developed in Germany and was called the Koolie. This dog soon was introduced by German settlers into Australia. It was within this continent, that it interbred with the shepherds of Britain to form the Welsh Heeler. The dogs from England were called English Shepherds; whereas, the dogs from Australia were called Australian Shepherds.

A Miniature Shepherd

There is also a very cute variety of Shepherd called the miniature Australian Shepherd which is suited as a house dog. It is quite lovable and agile. There are so many varieties and colors of Australian, but they are all beautiful, intelligent. and sociable creatures.

The German Shepherd

Like the Australian shepherd the German shepherd had its origin as a guardian dog or working dog, but it also exhibited other fine attributes such as strength and keen intelligence.

In 1899 Captain Max Von Stephanitz introduced a dog which was to be the first German Shepherd. The dog was named Horan and was a composite of different varieties of shepherds including the long hair and short hair varieties. Von Stephanitz wanted to develop the breed for its intelligence and strength.

According to the GermanShepherds.com website, breeders began calling the German Shepherd the Alsatian Wolf Dog due to the war with Germany and the reputation of the wolf. This changed in 1977 when the dog was once again called the German Shepherd.

The German Shepherd variety originated with wolf breeds, but it is a strong breed of dog devoted to its human and wary of strangers.

Both breeds are used today in many ways including guide dogs, ranch dogs, police work, and family dogs.

March 27, 2019January 24, 2023

The Golden Retriever: These Happy Dogs Are a Great Addition to Any Family

These Happy Dogs Are a Great Addition to Any Family

The golden retriever is a gorgeous, stocky built dog with a great personality. One of the most common family pets in the United States, they are known for their beautiful water resisting coat, which can range from a very light beige to dark gold. Originating from Scotland, this sporting breed was used there for hunting purposes. These days though, they are more often a family companion, and are one of the most popular dog breeds.

Playful Family Pets

Goldens are energetic dogs, in need of daily vigorous exercise to keep them happy. They are gentle by nature and are perhaps the best dog for small children, with their endless patience and tolerance. They can get a little rambunctious while playing though, and like to roughhouse with older kids. Always ready to play, they are perfect for athletic, active families. Goldens especially love to play ball, and are always ready for a game of catch. With their heavy coats, they also love to play in the snow, and are very fond of swimming as well. Easy to train and housebreak, golden retrievers are anxious to please and cooperative, and will learn tricks and commands quickly. If looking for a guard dog, though, look elsewhere. These dogs love everyone and are not reliable for protection. In fact, they are more interested in making friends with everyone than protecting their owners. Fairly quiet, they will usually only bark if a strange animal or person enters their territory.

A Few Negatives

Every dog has it’s faults, and golden retrievers are no exception. On the downside, they love to chew and carry things around. This is a habit that needs to be broken while they are puppies, as even adults love to chew up just about anything if allowed the opportunity. The only other negative aspect of owning a golden retriever is that they are nearly continuous shedders. They will often shed even in the coldest winter. Frequent brushing is the best way to keep the shedding to a minimum, and they usually enjoy it tremendously. These people lovers also do not like to be alone, and can get into mischief when left inside by themselves. Households where someone is home frequently during the day are best for them, as they will thrive on attention.

Health Issues

As these dogs age, there are a few health problems that golden retriever owners should be aware of. Cataracts can develop, as well as hip and elbow dysplasia. Cancer is on the rise in recent years, with lymphosarcoma being one of the most common types being seen. It is important to feed golden retrievers a healthy diet and give them frequent exercise, as they tend to become overweight in old age. An active, healthy lifestyle will also help to prevent medical problems as they grow older.

March 26, 2019November 24, 2019

Best Dog Breeds for the Elderly: Choosing a Good Pet for Seniors

Dogs make great companion pets for many people but they are especially beneficial for the elderly who often live alone and spend a great deal of time at home. Studies have shown that having a dog can improve the overall well being of an older person. Dogs can benefit senior citizens in many ways.

Companionship

A good companion dog is happy to share time watching tv, gardening, or just napping. For seniors who live alone, the unconditional love of a dog provides a boost in self esteem. Feeding and caring for an animal can help them feel useful and give them a reason to get up in the morning. Studies even show that having a dog can lower blood pressure and hasten healing time. A dog can bring much joy and comfort into the life of an elderly person.

A Measure of Security

A canine’s sense of smell, hearing, and eyesight is much more efficient than that of a human. An alert dog can smell, hear, and see things much quicker than a human would. Prowlers are discouraged by a barking dog because of the attention it draws to them. They also understand that a protective dog may attack if they feel that their owner or property is in danger. Law enforcement often recommends a dog as the best burglar deterrent.

Encourages More Exercise

Exercise is important for the elderly to keep them healthy and strong. Walking is a popular exercise of seniors that may be neglected without the encouragement of a dog. Dogs love to go walking and will sometimes go get their leashes and beg for a walk. A senior citizen is also more likely to go out strolling the neighborhood if he has the security of a dog on a leash.

Social Opportunities

Dogs can make wonderful conversation starters for the elderly. Meeting new neighbors over the back fence can be easier when the topic of dogs comes up. Almost everyone loves dogs and can relate a story of his own dog or one he has had.

Choosing a Dog for the Elderly

Taking care of a dog is a commitment and should be considered carefully. There are several main concerns for seniors.

Size – the dog should be small enough to handle easily and small enough to be a lap dog if desired
Temperament – the dog should be easily trained and reliable with an appropriate level of activity
Grooming – breeds that require frequent baths, brushings and expensive clippings may not be appropriate for the elderly

Best Breeds for the Elderly

Although different personalities are present within a breed, the following breeds are some good considerations for older people.

Pug
Chihuahua
Boston Terrier
Cardigan Corgi
Welsh Corgi
French Bulldog
Beagle
Dachshund
Miniature Pinscher
Schnauzer
Cocker Spaniel
American Eskimo

Mixed Breeds

Many mixed breed dogs make fine pets for senior citizens. Good choices are available at shelters and breed rescues. Most shelters and rescue workers are happy to discuss the dog’s temperament, care and grooming requirements.

March 25, 2019January 24, 2023

Dog Training: Tips on Working with Your Dog

Without the proper training and instruction, puppies can grow into ill-behaved dogs. Behaviors need to be modified, eliminated and instilled in order to create a companion who is a pleasure to live with (versus a curse) as most dogs live a decade or longer.

Dogs seek a strong pack leader. That needs to be you. You are the leader, not the dog!
Make it clear that certain behaviors, such as chewing on everything in its path or using your carpet as its bathroom or incessantly barking, are not acceptable and will not be tolerated. Discourage these with a strong, firm voice, hand clapping or by withholding attention or affection. Even better if you can discourage the negative behaviors at the first sign of the dog engaging in the behavior. For example, walking over to the shoes in order to chew, sniffing for a place to urinate, etc.
Reward positive behaviors, such as going to the bathroom outside, sitting and staying, letting go of specific items, with treats and with verbal praise. At first use snacks as dogs respond favorably with treats. But this cannot be your only method of reward. First, the dog will come to expect the treat and second, there may come a time when you do not have a snack handy.
Reinforce training on a regular basis. Every moment with a pet can be a teaching moment. Pat and praise good behaviors, even ones you did not command the dog to do.
Be consistent. Every time a negative action or behavior occurs, repeat the training.
Use verbal and action cues. Certain words and hand gestures can be linked. If your dog cannot hear you but can still see you he or she will have a second reference cue.
Again, you are the boss!
Over time, teach others how to interact with your dog. This is helpful for family members, friends, house guests and other visitors who are around your pet.
Decide which commands and behaviors are most important to you. Tricks may be nice but are of no use if your dog will not sit, stay, refrain from jumping or eating everything in sight.
Useful commands and behaviors include: come, down, heel, leave it, loose-leash walking, off, settle, sit, stand, stay and wait.
If you are unsure where to begin, ask your veterinarian, an associate at your local pet store, friends and family members who have well-behaved dogs or contact your local shelter or human society or check out books from the library.